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[Construction – Section 23]

FIRESTOP PILLOWS

Fire Stop pillows are passive fire protection items, subject to stringent bounding, used for fires topping holes in wall or floor assemblies required to have a fire-resistance rating.
Where there are openings that require frequent access for reasons such as cable changes, the need to reseal them effectively through simple means has driven the development of the fire stop pillow. The notion of re enter ability, such as a buzzword in the fire stop field, the primary feature of fire stop pillows, characterizes an unquantified and undocumented measure for the ease with which changes can be made to a fire stop.

There are three types of fire stop pillows:

TECHNICAL ISSUES AND COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS

First: rock wool bats with intumescing resin inside plastic bags
Second: vermiculite with intumescent graphite inside of fiberglass bags
Third: intumescent foam rubber

A hose stream test, which is mandatory for fire stops in the and often used eg. in some countries, qualifies the openings and fire stop pillow combinations as effective against the force of a 30 psi water stream. To accommodate larger openings that can allow the pillows to become dislodged, wire mesh is sometimes used although one vendor uses heavy duty grids and claims it is burglar proof.

Installing fire stop pillows correctly is not as easy as one might think or be lead by the literature to believe. One may need to achieve a certain compression rate, which needs to be quantified for each hole. This would entail an accurate calculation of the area of the opening less the area covered by the penetrating items. Then one must factor in the required compression ratio of the pillows to calculate just how many needs to be installed. Without this information, there is no evidence of bounding. If the certification listing that is bounding the opening does not mention the compression ratio, using pillows is inadvisable. It stands to reason that one must compress the pillows adequately in order to pass the test. 

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