Banyo Aksesuarları

[Construction – Section  34]

Also the principles in the construction phase require at attention: The material lightweight construction is based to exchange the original material of a construction unit by another material with higher specific characteristics. High-strength steel, lightweight construction steel, permits usually smaller wall thicknesses opposite conventional Stahlgüten with same construction unit characteristics. A frequent application in the automotive manufacture is the substitution of a steel sheet by an aluminum plate or plastic parts.

The constructional lightweight construction tries to reach the lightweight construction goal by constructional measures. Primarily as even a utilization of the material volume as possible is aimed at. Thus construction units e.g. bend-stressed are replaced to framework by sand yielding solutions or. In principle one tries to design as thin-walled as possible. This increases however the danger of the stability failure, wi e.g. dents or breaks, which makes an exact mechanical analysis necessary. Forces in lightweight construction constructions should be led directly. Notches mostly require an additional expenditure at material and should therefore be avoided. Trusses with pure course and print bars represent going by optimal structures.

The system lightweight construction regards not the individual construction unit but the whole system. By function integration an individual component can become quite more difficult. Saving by the function integration makes however the system easier, whereby the lightweight construction goal in the system is reached. The system lightweight construction has particularly with vehicles a great importance. With adaptive wing units the principles of the structure and of the system lightweight construction are used.

The choice of a suitable adding and manufacturing method represents a further constructional possibility. By laser welding can be done e.g. without the lap of sheet metals. Like that a lighter construction is possible. Also replacing rivet joints by adhesive bindings is an lightweight construction-effective measure. Forging construction units have often a higher vibration resistance than identical welded structures. They can be designed therefore with smaller cross sections.

And last the principles in the manufacturing-phase:

By close tolerance, both with the manufacturing and with the purchase of semi-finished material, the lightweight construction principle can be carried out. Thus one permits thickness tolerance of 0,1 mm with a sheet metal of the 1 mm wall thickness, then the mass of the sheet metal varies around 20 percent. For the aircraft construction therefore closely tolerated sheet metals are necessary.
Concerning the strengtheningnesses a material with small dispersion must be selected with the lightweight construction. The technical designer does not select the average value of the strengtheningnesses, but are appropriate a firmness with that for example for 90 percent of all samples over this. If the mechanical properties strew strongly, the construction unit must be oversized, in order to be safe before failure.

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