Seramik

[Construction - Section 143]

Basically, there are three different types of ceramic colors: coloring by oxides, which chemically embedded in the glass; A colorized oxides transparent glazer remains more or less transparent. In contrast dye pigment by pigment effect, a transparent glaze is by adding color bodies so opaque. In addition, color effects by refraction and reflection. Examples are the special blue, by phases mixing to the interfacial phases of the glass that is lik oil fleck glazes, where a tiny bubbles rain bowing effekt can generate and particularly the reduction of fire resulting thin metal coatings.

In oxidizing fire resulting main colors are:

White: through tin, zirconium, titanium (but only if there is no iron); Zinc, calcium and magnesium can support this, especially mat glazes succeed even with these ingredients

Gray: see Black

Black: just purely by mixtures of iron, cobalt, manganese, copper and nickel, the individual oxides result in over-saturation color, or rather blunt Black

Yellow: by (low) iron, cadmium (and uranium)

Orange: iron, cadmium (selen), nickel

Red: iron (brick red, pink), cadmium selenium

Violet: by nickel

Blue: through Cobalt

Green: with copper and chromium

Ocker: iron and titanium in iron traces

Brown: iron, nickel or manganese

In reducing fire can be more green iron, copper red dye (which are metal oxides on the surface of the glaze by the furnace atmosphere reduced d.h. the links is deprived of oxygen, the pure metal remains). Many coloring metal salts and fluxes are harmful or even toxic. This is particularly true for substances that cadmium, selenium, nickel, copper, chromium, manganese, zinc, cobalt and barium.